FMX 211 - Emily Alber

I created my flip book in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone. The method I used involved drawing the image on tracing paper, shading graphite on the other side of the trace paper, and placing that side against the page, before going over the image in pencil. The smudged graphite on the back of the page then transfers the image from the front to the page of the book. This is by far the easiest way to get the images to look the same. To make sure I had drawn 200 frames, I went forward in the book for the first half, drawing on the odd numbered pages, and backwards for the second half, drawing on the even numbered pages.

Vacuum tubes were first used in the 1910s in very small quantities because they were so expensive. Originally, they used directly heated cathodes, but once the switch was made to indirect heat, they became more widely used in radios. These tubes would aid in the invention of transmitters, receivers, and speakers. When it came to the invention of television, electron beams from these tubes would strike a phosphorescent surface within a cathode ray tube to create the picture we see. The concept of how the vacuum tube works seems quite complicated and I find myself unable to fully understand what I am reading on it. Without it, video and sound development for radios, television, and computers would not have been possible, but the finer details of how it works seem too complicated for someone like myself with no experience in electronics to understand.